Physiology of pain – General mechanisms and individual differences

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Article Title:	Physiology of pain – General mechanisms and individual differences
Authors:	Daniela Motoc, Nicoleta Clarisa Turtoi, Virgil Vasca, Elisabeta Vasca, Francisc Schneider
Affiliation:	“Vasile Goldis” Western University Arad, Romania
Abstract:	The current article aims at reviewing the general mechanisms of painful sensation, enlisting painful stimuli, common and special types of pain, and also the three stages of pain occurrence. The emphasis is on pain modulation, by gate control, and also by means of wind-up, temporal summation and central hyper-sensitization. A closer look at the way pain is perceived by children and elderly, and men and women as well as makes the object of the present paper, which includes new findings in the field.
Keywords:	nociception, pain induction, perception, integration, gate control theory, first and secondary pain, sensitization, psychological modulation, age- and sex-related differences
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*Correspondence:	Daniela Motoc, “Vasile Goldiş” Western University Arad, Faculty of Medicine, Str. Feleacului nr. 1 Arad 310396 Romania, Phone 0040-257-256931, e-mail: medicina@uvvg.ro